BIOPAJDUR
Results and conclusions
UCV Craiova

The study of the questionnaires showed that:

• The farmers from Cernadia locality Baia de Fier own small agricultural surfaces of 2-5 hectares. These surfaces are not the only providing source, most of the young locals being employees;
• The applied maintenance and exploitation technique for pasturelands is simple, minimal and extensive; therefore the obtained productions are reduced, much inferior to the normal productive potential;
• In Preajba locality, the field is split into small area farms. For most of the locals, the cultivated area is not the only providing source, because each family has employed members, the locality being near Tg. Jiu city
• The pasturelands occupy a significant ratio from all surfaces due to the landscape's specifics and to the tradition in animal breeding

The experimental area is characterized by:

• The experimental field from Preajba is in the sub Carpathian region of Oltenia at an altitude of 300 m, and the one from Rânca in the Parâng Mountains at an altitude of 1600 m;
• At Preajba the experiments are placed on an acid albic luvisoil (pH=5.1) poor in nutrients, with unfit physical-chemical properties and with low fertilization;
• At Rânca (Cornesu Mare Mountain) the experiments are placed on a brown acid soil with pH of 4.2, very poor in nutrients, with an alkali saturation degree under 10 %;
• In the sub Carpathian region the annual average temperature is 10.2^oC and the annual rain-falls sum 798 mm. The monthly spreading of the rain-falls is unequal, appearing dry years or long periods of dryness especially in the middle of the vegetation season;
• At Rânca, the annual average temperature is 3.8^oC and the annual rain-falls sum over 1300 mm and the clime has almost alpine features.

The study of the biodiversity showed that:

• In what concerns the temperature factor, the pasturelands differentiated with the zone. On the hily pasturelands dominated by the Agrostis capillaris or Festuca pratensis species, the amphi-thermal species and those specific to the temperate zones presented the biggest covering degree and on the Chrysopogon gryllus pastureland, the amphi-thermal species and those specific to the warm zones presented the biggest covering degree;
• The analysis of the humidity factors proved that on the mountain pasturelands the amphi-tolerant species and the moderate humid soil loving species dominated. Only the Festuca ovina ssp. sudetica pastureland was dominated by the dry-moderate humid soil loving species;
• The hilly pasturelands were dominated by the amphi-tolerant species and the moderate humid soil loving species, excepting the pastureland of Chrysopogon gryllus where the dry soil loving species had the biggest covering degree;
• The Agrostis capillaris hilly pastureland is dominated by the eurioic and the moderate acid soil indicator species;
• On the pasturelands of Chrysopogon gryllus and of Festuca pratensis, the eurioic and the neutral soil indicator species had a great covering degree;
• From the agronomical value's point of view the Festuca pratensis pastureland was noticed, with a Vp= 3.27 and the pasturing capacity of 1.63 UVM/ha, which is considered as class II and it is very good, as well as the Agrostis capillaris pastureland, with a Vp = 2.53 and the pasturing capacity of 1.26 UVM/ha (class IV, good category);
• From all the mountain pasturelands, the Festuca rubra one is average, a class VI (Vp = 1.79, pasturing capacity of 0.89 UVM/ha);
• The Chrysopogon gryllus, Nardus stricta or Festuca ovina ssp. sudetica pasturelands are low leveled or even degraded, with the pastoral value of 0.52-1.13, having a pasturing capacity under 1 UVM/ha.