STUDY OF THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATIONS OF SHEEP AND POULTRY ON THE BASIS OF IMMUNOGENETIC MARKERS

Tatiana Lupolov, Valentina Petcu

Abstract
In this work the results of the genofund structure and the possibility of using of immunogenetic markers, β-Lg, Ov, Cn etc in selection are given. For this reason the breed, lines, hybrids of various kinds of sheeps and poultry were studied on the basis of such exponents as frequency of alleles and genotypes, genetic similarity of population, genetic balance, the structure of polymorphic system of blood albumen and milk of sheep and polymorphic blood systems and albumen of hen eggs.
At sheeps was founded polymorphism lactoproteins αS1Cn, βCn, kCn, βLg. In the locus αS1Cn, there are three alleles which are most typilcal for the type αS1aCn^B - 0,9354. In the locus βCn there are two alleles which have been discovered in the type βCn with the frequency of 0,5988. The loci of the genes kCn and βLg are characterized by two alleles which are most often found in the type kCn 0,7581 and αLg^A0,6776. In our research applied on sheep, the polymorphism of the αS1Cn, βCn, kCn, αLg milk proteins have been established.
At hens crosses hybrids Albo-70, Roso SL 2000 and Roso 93 in the systems of hemoglobin, transferrins and ceruloplasmins were characterized by the presence of two alleles: A and B. The frequency of occurrence of alleles is different: in the system of hemoglobin the allel Hb^A has a higher frequency -0,9000-0,9875. In the system of transferrins the allel Tf^B is found more often- 0,7625-0,7879. The advantage of allel Cp^A has been proved in the locus of ceruloplasmins as well.
Thus the ascertained polymorphism of the milk proteins may be widely used as a biochemical test to evaluate the state of the breed gene pool as for predicting the productive qualities of these animals.

Key words: allele, frequency, genotype, polymorphic system, locus