PRODUCTIVE AND ENERGETIC EVALUATION OF GROWING CORN AND SOYA MIXTURE FOR SILAGE

V.V. Hnoevyy, I.V. Hnoevyy, H.I. Kotets, V.I. Pastukhov, V.I. Melnyk

Abstract
    The crop yield of green mass of corn and soya mixtures during the wax ripeness of corn grain of the variety "Dniprovska 310" and the full ripening of soya grain of the variety "Podilska – 1" grown on the agricultural backgrounds without fertilizers and (NPK)45 has been determined during the scientific and research experiment. The seeding rate of corn and soya in the mono specific crops was 25 kg/ha and 80 kg/ha, respectively, but in three mixtures - corn 25 kg/ha, soya 20 kg/ha, 40 kg/ha and 60 kg/ha, that was, respectively, 25 %, 50 % and 75 % of the seeding rate of soya in the mono specific crops. The use of mineral fertilizers provided the increase in the yield of corn and soya mixtures for the above options by 2000 kg/ha, 3700 kg/ha and 3000 kg/ha, respectively. The highest crop yield of green mass - 40400 kg/ha was produced by the option with mineral fertilizers and the seeding rate: corn - 25 kg/ha and 40 kg/ha, it exceeded the mono specific crop of corn by 2200 kg or 5.8%.
    At the mixed sowing of corn and soya the content of protein in the dry matter of crop yield of the mixture on the agricultural background without fertilizers increased 1.30 - 1.61 times but on the agricultural background with fertilizers - 1.49 - 1.69 times as compared with the mono specific crop of corn and the content of fat increased 1.17 - 1.67 times and 1.07 - 1.37 times, respectively. The use of corn and soya mixtures had a positive impact on the main energetic performances of their growing as compared with mono specific sowing of corn. The yield from 1 ha of gross and metabolizable energy increase, respectively, by 12.4 - 10.7% and 10.3 - 11.5%, the energy consumption of 100 kilograms of protein decreased nearly twice.
    The replacement of corn silage by corn and soya one in the composition of feed mixtures for dairy cows promoted the increase in their daily milk yields by 3.0 kg or 11.3% and fat in milk – by 0.2 % at the absolute favorable performances of energy consumption for milk production.

Key words: corn, soya, mixed crop, energy consumption, milk, milk fat