STUDY OF THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATIONS OF SHEEP AND POULTRY ON THE BASIS OF IMMUNOGENETIC MARKERS
Tatiana Lupolov, Valentina Petcu
Abstract
In this work the results of the genofund structure and the possibility of using of immunogenetic markers, β-Lg, Ov, Cn etc in selection are given. For this reason the breed, lines, hybrids of various kinds of sheeps and poultry were studied on the basis of such exponents as frequency of alleles and genotypes, genetic similarity of population, genetic balance, the structure of polymorphic system of blood albumen and milk of sheep and polymorphic blood systems and albumen of hen eggs.
At sheeps was founded polymorphism lactoproteins αS1Cn, βCn, kCn, βLg. In the locus αS1Cn, there are three alleles which are most typilcal for the type αS1CnB -0,9354. In the locus βCn there are two alleles which have been discovered in the type βCn with the frequency of 0,5988. The loci of the genes kCn and βLg are characterized by two alleles which are most often found in the type kCn 0,7581 and αLgA0,6776. In our research applied on sheep, the polymorphism of the αS1Cn, βCn, kCn, αLg milk proteins have been established.
At hens crosses hybrids Albo-70, Roso SL 2000 and Roso 93 in the systems of hemoglobin, transferrins and ceruloplasmins were characterized by the presence of two alleles: A and B. The frequency of occurrence of alleles is different: in the system of hemoglobin the allel HbA has a higher frequency -0,9000-0,9875. In the system of transferrins the allel TfB is found more often' 0,7625-0,7879. The advantage of allel CpA has been proved in the locus of ceruloplasmins as well.
Thus the ascertained polymorphism of the milk proteins may be widely used as a biochemical test to evaluate the state of the breed gene pool as for predicting the productive qualities of these animals.
Key words: allele, frequency, genotype, polymorphic system, locus
STUDIU PRIVIND STRUCTURA GENETICA ALE UNOR POPULATII DE OVINE SI PASARI PE BAZA MARKERILOR IMUNOGENETICI
Tatiana Lupolov, Valentina Petcu
Rezumat
Pentru aprecierea structurii genofondurilor si posibilitatea aplicarii markerilor imunogenetici în selectie, au fost luate în studiu sisteme proteice din sânge, oua si lapte β-Lg, Cn, Hb, Ov s.a. Studiul a fost efectuat pe populatii de ovine (rasa Karakul) si pasari (hibrizii Albo-70, Roso SL 2000 si Roso 93). Au fost analizati urmatorii indici: frecventa alelelor si genotipurilor, indicele de similitudine si homeostazie genetica.
La ovine, în cercetarile noastre a fost stabilit polimorfismul lactoproteinelor αS1Cn, βCn, kCn, βLg. Locusul αS1Cn a fost prezentat de 3 alele, cu frecventa mai mare de -0,9354 pentru αS1CnB. În locusul βCn au fost identificate 2 alele cu prioritatea βCnA - 0,5988. În sistemul kCn si βLg de asemenea au fost identificate câte 2 alele cu valorile maxime de 0,7581 pentru kCnA si 0,6776 pentru αLgA.
La gaini, sistemele sanguine hemoglobine, transferine si ceruloplasmine s-au caracterizat cu prezenta a 2 alele A si B obtinând frecvente diferite. Frecventele de - 0,9000-0,9875 au fost stabilite pentru hemoglobinele de tip HbA. În locusul trasferine mai frecvent s-a întâlnit alela TfB - 0,7625-0,7879. Prioritatea alelei CpA -0,5379 a fost demonstrata si în locusul ceruloplasminelor. Populatiile analizate se aflau în echilibru genetic.
Astfel, cunoasterea structurii alelice a populatiilor de animale si pasari permite selectarea indivizilor cu genotipuri dorite fapt de o importanta majora în mentinerea anumitor structuri genetice.
Cuvinte cheie: alela, frecventa, genotip, sisteme polimorfe, locus
